Trong mỗi trường hợp sau hãy tìm phân thức Q thỏa mãn điều kiện :
a) \(\dfrac{1}{x^2+x+1}-Q=\dfrac{1}{x-x^2}+\dfrac{x^2+2x}{x^3-1}\)
b) \(\dfrac{2x-6}{x^3-3x^2-x+3}+Q=\dfrac{6}{x-3}-\dfrac{2x^2}{1-x^2}\)
tìm điều kiện để các phân thức sau có nghĩa và tìm mẫu chung của chúng:
a,\(\dfrac{5}{2x-4};\dfrac{4}{3x-9};\dfrac{7}{50-25x}\)
b,\(\dfrac{3}{2x+6};\dfrac{x-2}{x^2+6x+9}\)
c,\(\dfrac{x^4+1}{x^2-1};x^2+1\)
Tìm điều kiện x để giá trị của biểu thức được xác định và chứng minh rằng với điều kiện đó, biểu thức không phụ thuộc vào biến :
a) \(\dfrac{x-\dfrac{1}{x}}{\dfrac{x^2+2x+1}{x}-\dfrac{2x+2}{x}}\)
b) \(\dfrac{\dfrac{x}{x+1}+\dfrac{1}{x-1}}{\dfrac{2x+2}{x-1}-\dfrac{4x}{x^2-1}}\)
c) \(\dfrac{1}{x-1}-\dfrac{x^3-x}{x^2+1}.\left(\dfrac{x}{x^2-2x+1}-\dfrac{1}{x^2-1}\right)\)
d) \(\left(\dfrac{x}{x^2-36}-\dfrac{x-6}{x^2+6x}\right):\dfrac{2x-6}{x^2+6x}+\dfrac{x}{6-x}\)
Làm tính cộng các phân thức sau :
a) \(\dfrac{5}{2x^2y}+\dfrac{3}{5xy^2}+\dfrac{x}{y^3}\)
b) \(\dfrac{x+1}{2x+6}+\dfrac{2x+3}{x\left(x+3\right)}\)
c) \(\dfrac{3x+5}{x^2-5x}+\dfrac{25-x}{25-5x}\)
d) \(x^2+\dfrac{x^4+1}{1-x^2}+1\)
e) \(\dfrac{4x^2-3x+17}{x^3-1}+\dfrac{2x-1}{x^2+x+1}+\dfrac{6}{1-x}\)
Rút gọn phân thức sau:
a)\(\dfrac{3}{2x+6}-\dfrac{x-6}{2x^2+6x}\)
b)\(\dfrac{4}{x+2}+\dfrac{2}{x-2}+\dfrac{5x+6}{4-x^2}\)
c)\(\dfrac{1-3x}{2x}+\dfrac{3x-2}{2x-1}+\dfrac{3x-2}{2x-4x^2}\)
d)\(\dfrac{x^2+2}{x^3-1}+\dfrac{2}{x^2+x+1}+\dfrac{1}{1-x}\)
a) \(\dfrac{3}{2x+6}-\dfrac{x-6}{2x^2+6x}\)
\(=\dfrac{3}{2\left(x+3\right)}-\dfrac{x-6}{2x\left(x+3\right)}\) MTC: \(2x\left(x+3\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{3x}{2x\left(x+3\right)}-\dfrac{x-6}{2x\left(x+3\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{3x-\left(x-6\right)}{2x\left(x+3\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{3x-x+6}{2x\left(x+3\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{2x+6}{2x\left(x+3\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{2\left(x+3\right)}{2x\left(x+3\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{x}\)
b) \(\dfrac{4}{x+2}+\dfrac{2}{x-2}+\dfrac{5x+6}{4-x^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{4}{x+2}+\dfrac{2}{x-2}-\dfrac{5x+6}{x^2-4}\)
\(=\dfrac{4}{x+2}+\dfrac{2}{x-2}-\dfrac{5x+6}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}\) MTC: \(\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{4\left(x-2\right)}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}+\dfrac{2\left(x+2\right)}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}-\dfrac{5x+6}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{4\left(x-2\right)+2\left(x+2\right)-\left(5x+6\right)}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{4x-8+2x+4-5x-6}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x-10}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}\)
c) \(\dfrac{1-3x}{2x}+\dfrac{3x-2}{2x-1}+\dfrac{3x-2}{2x-4x^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{1-3x}{2x}+\dfrac{3x-2}{2x-1}-\dfrac{3x-2}{4x^2-2x}\)
\(=\dfrac{1-3x}{2x}+\dfrac{3x-2}{2x-1}-\dfrac{3x-2}{2x\left(2x-1\right)}\) MTC: \(2x\left(2x-1\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(1-3x\right)\left(2x-1\right)}{2x\left(2x-1\right)}+\dfrac{2x\left(3x-2\right)}{2x\left(2x-1\right)}-\dfrac{3x-2}{2x\left(2x-1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(1-3x\right)\left(2x-1\right)+2x\left(3x-2\right)-\left(3x-2\right)}{2x\left(2x-1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{2x-1-6x^2+3x+6x^2-4x-3x+2}{2x\left(2x-1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{-2x+1}{2x\left(2x-1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{-\left(2x-1\right)}{2x\left(2x-1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{-1}{2x}\)
d) \(\dfrac{x^2+2}{x^3-1}+\dfrac{2}{x^2+x+1}+\dfrac{1}{1-x}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2+2}{x^3-1}+\dfrac{2}{x^2+x+1}-\dfrac{1}{x-1}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2+2}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}+\dfrac{2}{x^2+x+1}-\dfrac{1}{x-1}\) MTC: \(\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2+2}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}+\dfrac{2\left(x-2\right)}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}-\dfrac{x^2+x+1}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x^2+2\right)+2\left(x-2\right)-\left(x^2+x+1\right)}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2+2+2x-4-x^2-x-1}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{-3+x}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}\)
Tìm các giá trị x thỏa mãn điều kiện của mỗi bất phương trình sau :
a. \(\dfrac{1}{x}< 1-\dfrac{1}{x+1}\)
b. \(\dfrac{1}{x^2-4}\le\dfrac{2x}{x^2-4x+3}\)
c. \(2\left|x\right|-1+\sqrt[3]{x-1}< \dfrac{2x}{x+1}\)
d. \(2\sqrt{1-x}>3x+\dfrac{1}{x+4}\)
a) ĐKXĐ: D = {x ∈ R/x ≠ 0 và x + 1 ≠ 0} = R\{0;- 1}.
b) ĐKXĐ: D = {x ∈ R/x2 - 4 ≠ 0 và x2 - 4x + 3 ≠ 0} = R\{±2; 1; 3}.
c) ĐKXĐ: D = R\{- 1}.
d) ĐKXĐ: D = {x ∈ R/x + 4 ≠ 0 và 1 - x ≥ 0} = (-∞; - 4) ∪ (- 4; 1].
Dùng định nghĩa hai phân thức bằng nhau, hãy tìm đa thức A trong mỗi đẳng thức sau :
a) \(\dfrac{A}{2x-1}=\dfrac{6x^2+3x}{4x^2-1}\)
b) \(\dfrac{4x^2-3x-7}{A}=\dfrac{4x-7}{2x+3}\)
c) \(\dfrac{4x^2-7x+3}{x^2-1}=\dfrac{A}{x^2+2x+1}\)
d) \(\dfrac{x^2-2x}{2x^2-3x-2}=\dfrac{x^2+2x}{A}\)
Tìm đa thức A thỏa mãn điều kiện sau :
\(\dfrac{A\left(x-5\right)}{x^2-4x-5}=\dfrac{3x^2+9x}{x^2+4x+3}\)
\(\dfrac{x^2+x-6}{A\left(x-3\right)}=\dfrac{\left(5x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)}{5x^3-x^2+15x-3}\)
\(\dfrac{x^2-25}{2x^2+7x-15}=\dfrac{\left(x-5\right)A}{2x^2+x-6}\)
1) \(\dfrac{A\left(x-5\right)}{\left(x+1\right)\left(x-5\right)}=\dfrac{3x\left(x+3\right)}{\left(x+1\right)\left(x+3\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=3x\)
2) \(\dfrac{\left(x+3\right)\left(x-2\right)}{A\left(x-3\right)}=\dfrac{\left(5x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)}{\left(5x-1\right)\left(x^2+3\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(x+3\right)}{A\left(x-3\right)}=\dfrac{1}{\left(x^2+3\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\dfrac{\left(x^2+3\right)\left(x+3\right)}{x-3}\)
3) \(\dfrac{\left(x-5\right)\left(x+5\right)}{\left(x+5\right)\left(2x-3\right)}=\dfrac{\left(x-5\right)A}{\left(2x-3\right)\left(x+2\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow1=\dfrac{A}{\left(x+2\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=x+2\)
Trong mỗi trường hợp sau đây, hãy tìm hai đa thức P và Q thỏa mãn đẳng thức :
a) \(\dfrac{\left(x+2\right)P}{x-2}=\dfrac{\left(x-1\right)Q}{x^2-4}\)
b) \(\dfrac{\left(x+2\right)P}{x^2-1}=\dfrac{\left(x-2\right)Q}{x^2-2x+1}\)
a) \(\dfrac{\left(x+2\right)P}{x-2}=\dfrac{\left(x-1\right)Q}{x^2-4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-4\right)\left(x+2\right)P=\left(x-2\right)\left(x-1\right)Q\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left(x+2\right)^2\left(x-2\right)P=\left(x-2\right)\left(x-1\right)Q\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left(x+2\right)^2P=\left(x-1\right)Q\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P=x-1\)
\(Q=\left(x+2\right)^2=x^2+4x+4\)
b)\(\dfrac{\left(x+2\right)P}{x^2-1}=\dfrac{\left(x-2\right)Q}{x^2-2x+1}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)^2\left(x+2\right)P=\left(x+1\right)\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)Q\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x+2\right)P=\left(x+1\right)\left(x-2\right)Q\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P=\left(x+1\right)\left(x-2\right)=x^2-x-2\)
\(Q=\left(x-1\right)\left(x+2\right)=x^2+x-2\)
thực hiện các phép tính sau
a)\(\dfrac{x+1}{2x+6}+\dfrac{2x+3}{x^2+3x}\)
b)\(\dfrac{3}{2x+6}-\dfrac{x-6}{2x^2+6x}\)
c)\(\dfrac{x}{x-2y}+\dfrac{x}{x+2y}+\dfrac{4xy}{4y^2-x^2}\)
d)\(\dfrac{1}{3x-2}-\dfrac{1}{3x+2}-\dfrac{3x-6}{4-9x^2}\)